See ftu on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "sprain,ankylosis",
"translation": "sprain,ankylosis",
"word": "ifti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "to make walk, to dictate",
"translation": "to make walk, to dictate",
"word": "ssftu"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cdc-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*pVt-",
"t": "to go (out)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Chadic *pVt- (“to go (out)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Olga Stolbova Chadic Lexical Database Issue VI: Labials b, f, p page :172 https://chadicnewsletter.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/chadic-lexical-database-vi.pdf"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "فَاتَ",
"t": "to pass"
},
"expansion": "Arabic فَاتَ (fāta, “to pass”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Proto-Chadic *pVt- (“to go (out)”), and Agaw *fät- (“to go, to pass”); Arabic فَاتَ (fāta, “to pass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fttu",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ttftu",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ifti",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "فتو",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"cont": "fttu",
"cont2": "ttftu",
"vn": "ifti"
},
"expansion": "ftu (imperfective fttu or ttftu, verbal noun ifti, Tifinagh spelling ⴼⵜⵓ, Arabic spelling فتو)",
"name": "shi-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": "intransitive"
},
"expansion": "(intransitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Tashelhit",
"lang_code": "shi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 22 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"english": "Where did our father go?",
"roman": "mani s ifta ibbatnɣ?",
"text": "مانيس يفتا يبّاتنغ؟",
"translation": "Where did our father go?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to go"
],
"id": "en-ftu-shi-verb-gNM9bcDR",
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ddu"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 22 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to walk"
],
"id": "en-ftu-shi-verb-icLBTR14",
"links": [
[
"walk",
"walk"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ddu"
},
{
"word": "zzigz"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 22 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 22 13 14 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 23 13 14 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 32 11 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tashelhit entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 32 11 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tashelhit entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 36 8 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tashelhit entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 32 10 13 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tashelhit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "I'm late",
"roman": "ifta flli lḥal",
"text": "ايفتا فلّي الحال",
"translation": "I'm late",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pass (time)"
],
"id": "en-ftu-shi-verb-laG8YnEc",
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 22 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "He almost died",
"roman": "iftu a immut",
"text": "ايفتو اد يمّوت",
"translation": "He almost died",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be on the verge of"
],
"id": "en-ftu-shi-verb-Wt~i8MKz",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": ":ad"
},
"expansion": "[with ad]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"ad"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"on the verge of",
"on the verge of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to be on the verge of [with ad]"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 22 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be in trouble"
],
"id": "en-ftu-shi-verb-AgDflIDe",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": ":gis"
},
"expansion": "[with gis]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"gis"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"in trouble",
"in trouble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to be in trouble [with gis]"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Agaw",
"Olga Stolbova"
],
"word": "ftu"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ary:فتى\n<ety:inh<ar:أَفْتَى>>",
"text": ":ar",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *pataw-der.\nClassical Syriac ܐܦܬܝ (ʾap̄tī)bor.\nArabic أَفْتَى (ʔaftā)\nMoroccan Arabic فتى (ftā)bor.\nTashelhit ftu\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"transliteration\" : \"ftā\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to expand; to propagate (orthodoxy)\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to penetrate\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Semitic\", \"term\" : \"*pataw-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sem-wes-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"transliteration\" : \"ʾap̄tī\", \"lang_name\" : \"Classical Syriac\", \"term\" : \"ܐܦܬܝ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"syc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"أَفْتَى\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Moroccan Arabic\", \"term\" : \"فتى\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ary\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tashelhit\", \"term\" : \"ftu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"shi\" }\" data-lang=\"shi\" data-title=\"ftu\">\nBorrowed from Moroccan Arabic فتى (ftā), from Arabic أَفْتَى (ʔaftā).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *pataw-der.\nClassical Syriac ܐܦܬܝ (ʾap̄tī)bor.\nArabic أَفْتَى (ʔaftā)\nMoroccan Arabic فتى (ftā)bor.\nTashelhit ftu\nBorrowed from Moroccan Arabic فتى (ftā), from Arabic أَفْتَى (ʔaftā).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ttftu",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "فتو",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"cont": "ttftu"
},
"expansion": "ftu (imperfective ttftu, Tifinagh spelling ⴼⵜⵓ, Arabic spelling فتو)",
"name": "shi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Tashelhit",
"lang_code": "shi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 22 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 22 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"english": "He dictated a letter to him.",
"roman": "ifta yas yat tbrat",
"text": "ايفتا اس يات تبرات",
"translation": "He dictated a letter to him.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to dictate"
],
"id": "en-ftu-shi-verb-FFwFGAID",
"links": [
[
"dictate",
"dictate"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"word": "ftu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Tashelhit entries with etymology texts",
"Tashelhit entries with etymology trees",
"Tashelhit entries with etymon",
"Tashelhit entries with incorrect language header",
"Tashelhit intransitive verbs",
"Tashelhit lemmas",
"Tashelhit terms borrowed from Moroccan Arabic",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Arabic",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Classical Syriac",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Moroccan Arabic",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Proto-West Semitic",
"Tashelhit verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "sprain,ankylosis",
"translation": "sprain,ankylosis",
"word": "ifti"
},
{
"english": "to make walk, to dictate",
"translation": "to make walk, to dictate",
"word": "ssftu"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cdc-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*pVt-",
"t": "to go (out)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Chadic *pVt- (“to go (out)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Olga Stolbova Chadic Lexical Database Issue VI: Labials b, f, p page :172 https://chadicnewsletter.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/chadic-lexical-database-vi.pdf"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "فَاتَ",
"t": "to pass"
},
"expansion": "Arabic فَاتَ (fāta, “to pass”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Proto-Chadic *pVt- (“to go (out)”), and Agaw *fät- (“to go, to pass”); Arabic فَاتَ (fāta, “to pass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fttu",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ttftu",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ifti",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "فتو",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"cont": "fttu",
"cont2": "ttftu",
"vn": "ifti"
},
"expansion": "ftu (imperfective fttu or ttftu, verbal noun ifti, Tifinagh spelling ⴼⵜⵓ, Arabic spelling فتو)",
"name": "shi-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": "intransitive"
},
"expansion": "(intransitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Tashelhit",
"lang_code": "shi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tashelhit terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"english": "Where did our father go?",
"roman": "mani s ifta ibbatnɣ?",
"text": "مانيس يفتا يبّاتنغ؟",
"translation": "Where did our father go?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to go"
],
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ddu"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to walk"
],
"links": [
[
"walk",
"walk"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ddu"
},
{
"word": "zzigz"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Tashelhit terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "I'm late",
"roman": "ifta flli lḥal",
"text": "ايفتا فلّي الحال",
"translation": "I'm late",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pass (time)"
],
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Tashelhit terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "He almost died",
"roman": "iftu a immut",
"text": "ايفتو اد يمّوت",
"translation": "He almost died",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be on the verge of"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": ":ad"
},
"expansion": "[with ad]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"ad"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"on the verge of",
"on the verge of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to be on the verge of [with ad]"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be in trouble"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": ":gis"
},
"expansion": "[with gis]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"gis"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"in trouble",
"in trouble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to be in trouble [with gis]"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Agaw",
"Olga Stolbova"
],
"word": "ftu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Tashelhit entries with etymology texts",
"Tashelhit entries with etymology trees",
"Tashelhit entries with etymon",
"Tashelhit entries with incorrect language header",
"Tashelhit lemmas",
"Tashelhit terms borrowed from Moroccan Arabic",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Arabic",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Classical Syriac",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Moroccan Arabic",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Proto-West Semitic",
"Tashelhit verbs"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ary:فتى\n<ety:inh<ar:أَفْتَى>>",
"text": ":ar",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *pataw-der.\nClassical Syriac ܐܦܬܝ (ʾap̄tī)bor.\nArabic أَفْتَى (ʔaftā)\nMoroccan Arabic فتى (ftā)bor.\nTashelhit ftu\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"transliteration\" : \"ftā\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to expand; to propagate (orthodoxy)\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to penetrate\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Semitic\", \"term\" : \"*pataw-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sem-wes-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"transliteration\" : \"ʾap̄tī\", \"lang_name\" : \"Classical Syriac\", \"term\" : \"ܐܦܬܝ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"syc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"أَفْتَى\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Moroccan Arabic\", \"term\" : \"فتى\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ary\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tashelhit\", \"term\" : \"ftu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"shi\" }\" data-lang=\"shi\" data-title=\"ftu\">\nBorrowed from Moroccan Arabic فتى (ftā), from Arabic أَفْتَى (ʔaftā).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *pataw-der.\nClassical Syriac ܐܦܬܝ (ʾap̄tī)bor.\nArabic أَفْتَى (ʔaftā)\nMoroccan Arabic فتى (ftā)bor.\nTashelhit ftu\nBorrowed from Moroccan Arabic فتى (ftā), from Arabic أَفْتَى (ʔaftā).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ttftu",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "فتو",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"cont": "ttftu"
},
"expansion": "ftu (imperfective ttftu, Tifinagh spelling ⴼⵜⵓ, Arabic spelling فتو)",
"name": "shi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Tashelhit",
"lang_code": "shi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tashelhit terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"english": "He dictated a letter to him.",
"roman": "ifta yas yat tbrat",
"text": "ايفتا اس يات تبرات",
"translation": "He dictated a letter to him.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to dictate"
],
"links": [
[
"dictate",
"dictate"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"word": "ftu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ftu meaning in All languages combined (7.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Tifinagh spelling ⴼⵜⵓ",
"path": [
"ftu"
],
"section": "Tashelhit",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ftu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Tifinagh spelling ⴼⵜⵓ",
"path": [
"ftu"
],
"section": "Tashelhit",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ftu",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.